Since Article 6 of the Paris Agreement's market-based mechanisms and non-market approaches launched in 2021, how Article 6 mechanisms achieve the climate goals through cost-effective and collective participation is highly attractive. Following the global trends of pursuing net-zero emissions, the Paris Mechanisms encourage innovative technology development and transfer through multi-countries cooperation. Meanwhile, the Paris Mechanisms also demonstrate a clear signal for sustainable investment. Participating stakeholders share the mitigation efforts, while the mitigation responsibility is not ascribed solely to developed countries. The Paris Mechanisms transfer ITMOs and A6.4ERs towards NDC offset by authorization and corresponding adjustments procedures, while they could also be used as "OIMP" for different track purposes. To this end, although Taiwan is neither a signatory Party to the UN nor the Paris Agreement, a legal solution is possible for Taiwan to comply with NDC or other compulsory purposes. According to the newly amended "Climate Change Response Act," several considerations are concerned for introducing an ITMO scheme, such as corresponding adjustments, bilateral mutual recognition, applicable scopes, interface design, comprehensive solutions, etc., for establishing mid-term and long-term strategies. To achieve net-zero emissions globally, the voluntary carbon markets (VCM) follow environmental integrity rules from the Paris Agreement to promote a greener global value chain. Meanwhile, the VCM also devotes itself to strict requirements for anti-greenwashing. Several advanced and developed countries also lead voluntary climate actions to conduct technology and market penetrating that could be a policy recommendation for Taiwan. Based on this, the project considers the planning of Taiwan's legal and regulatory strategies in response to the institutional aspects of the Paris Agreement. Under the main objectives of this year, relevant research and implementation outcomes have been completed. 1. Studying the development trends of global participation from the coopera-tive mitigation mechanisms in Article 6 of the Paris Agreement: This project focuses on the current mechanisms under Article 6, including negotiations progress, transparency, institutional design, and international registration links. Simultaneously, it studies the content of relevant leading global pilot progress to assess the trend of Taiwan's international reduction cooperation. 2. Studying the legal strategies and recommendations of Taiwan's participation in the Paris Mechanisms in the long run: In this project, we examine the le-gal basis for the promotion of the ITMO system under the Climate Change Response Act, analyzing the planning and institutional design for the short, medium, and long-term if ITMOs generated by the international Article 6 cooperation mechanism are to be imported for Taiwan. This includes the le-galization of authorization, verification, transparency regulations, etc. On the other hand, this project also analyzes the development trend of high-quality initiatives in the current global voluntary carbon market, suggesting that under this development trend, avoiding double counting, strict adher-ence to environmental quality, and avoiding greenwashing are critical ele-ments of climate governance strategy. 3. Designing Taiwan's ITMO management and operation framework and estab-lishing relevant models, procedures, and guidelines: The project has ana-lyzed how to enter the domestic carbon trading system and complete the supporting operations of the national carbon credit registration platform af-ter the recognition of ITMOs. The analysis includes the required compliance with international law, domestic law, and corresponding recommendations and procedures for legal adjustments, management mechanisms and authori-zations, administrative rules, and operational guidelines. 4. Establishing an international climate action partnership network and pro-moting engagement strategy for condensing industries and society's consen-sus of participating in the Paris Mechanisms: This project tracks and under-stands international partnerships related to the Paris reduction mechanism, participates in the cooperation progress of the Article 6 Implementation Partnerships (A6IP) established by the Ministry of the Environment of Ja-pan, and its important issues and key content. It also collects research from international climate think tanks to respond to climate legislation and Paris Agreement reduction mechanism strategies to understand important global development trends and related ideas and perspectives. Based on this, the project proposes recommendations and arguments for Taiwan's climate and energy policies. At the same time, the project has completed six expert advi-sory meetings to formulate external communication strategies and consulta-tions to consolidate domestic consensus. Finally, the project has cooperated with the International Trade Administration Ministry of Economic Affairs to conduct a workshop and participated in the Euro-Asia Climate Legislation Forum held in Helsinki, Finland, from 1st to 2nd September, expanding do-mestic and foreign network in the field of carbon management legislation and carbon credit applications.

Paris Agreement, International reduction cooperation mechanism, UNFCCC